Open Access Policy

At metropolitan issues in social sciences, we're committed to making knowledge accessible to everyone. That's why all our research articles are open access and available immediately for you to read, download, and share. These articles can be used, distributed, and reproduced in any medium as long as the original work is properly cited. Authors and copyright holders grant everyone a free, irrevocable, worldwide, and perpetual right to access, copy, use, distribute, transmit, and publicly display the work. You're also free to create and share derivative works in any digital format for any responsible purpose, provided you give proper credit to the authors. Additionally, you can print a few copies for your personal use only. We make sure that a complete version of the work, along with all supplemental materials and permissions, is deposited in at least one online repository as soon as it’s published. These repositories are supported by academic institutions, scholarly societies, government agencies, or other reputable organizations dedicated to open access, unrestricted distribution, interoperability, and long-term archiving. This ensures that the work remains accessible and preserved for the future.